隧道（中-英）

盾构隧道

Shield-driven Tunnel

盾构法是指使用盾构机，一边控制开挖面及围岩不发生坍塌失稳，一边进行隧道掘进、出渣，并在机内拼装管片形成衬砌、实施壁后注浆，不扰动围岩而修筑隧道的一种机械化施工方法。

Shield-driven tunneling is a mechanized construction method used for tunnel construction. It controls the excavation faces & surrounding rocks to prevent collapse & loss of stability while conducting tunnel boring and soil discharging by use of a shield-driven machine, and assembles segments inside the machine to form lining and conduct grouting outside the lining.

盾构法施工的主要步骤是：先在隧道一端建造竖井或基坑，以供盾构安装就位。盾构从竖井或基坑的墙壁开孔处出发，在地层中沿着设计线位，向另一竖井或基坑推进。盾构推进中所受到的地层阻力，通过盾构千斤顶传至盾构尾部已拼装的隧道衬砌结构，再传到竖井或基坑壁上。

The shield-driven method includes the following construction sequence: 1) build a launching shaft or excavation pit at one end of a tunnel to erect up a shield; 2) launch the shield towards the receiving shaft or excavation pit along the design alignment from the wall opening of the launching shaft or excavation pit. The advancing resistance of the shield is transferred via the shield jack to the prefabricated tunnel lining structure which has been erected up at the shield tail, and then transferred to the wall of the launching shaft or excavation pit.

盾构机根据工作原理一般分为手掘式盾构、挤压式盾构、半机械式盾构（局部气压、全局气压）、机械式盾构（开胸式切削盾构、气压式盾构、泥水加压盾构、土压平衡盾构、混合型盾构、异型盾构）。

Generally, depending on their working principle, shield-driven machines are divided into manual shields, compressing shields, semi-mechanized shields (local air pressure, global air pressure) and mechanized shields (chest-opening cutting shields, pneumatic shields, slurry shields, earth pressure balanced shields, hybrid shields and non-circular shields).